prometheus监控nginx的实现步骤

# 1. 安装基础依赖
yum -y install gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel git wget
# 2. 创建工作目录
mkdir -p /opt/nginx-install && cd /opt/nginx-install
# 3. 下载 nginx 1.24.0 和 nginx-module-vts 模块
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
git clone git://github.com/vozlt/nginx-module-vts.git
# 4. 解压 nginx 源码包
tar -zxvf nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
mv nginx-module-vts /usr/local/nginx-module-vts

# 1. 先删除失败的空目录（如果有）
rm -rf nginx-module-vts
# 2. 使用 https 协议克隆（优先）
git clone https://github.com/vozlt/nginx-module-vts.git
# 如果依然失败，使用国内镜像站（如 gitee 镜像）
git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/nginx-module-vts.git

# 进入 nginx 源码目录
cd /opt/nginx-install/nginx-1.24.0
# 配置编译参数（指定安装路径 + 加载 vts 模块）
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=/usr/local/nginx-module-vts/
# 编译并安装（-j 后接cpu核心数，加快编译速度，比如 -j4）
make -j4 && make install
# 验证模块是否加载成功
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v | grep nginx-module-vts
# 输出包含 --add-module=/usr/local/nginx-module-vts/ 即表示成功

# 备份原有配置文件
cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bak
# 编辑 nginx 主配置文件
cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf << 'eof'
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    # 开启 vts 状态监控区域
    vhost_traffic_status_zone;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        # 配置状态监控接口
        location /status {
            vhost_traffic_status_display;
            vhost_traffic_status_display_format html;
        }
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
eof
# 启动/重启 nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t  # 验证配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx     # 启动
# 如果已启动，执行重启：/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
# 验证状态页面是否可访问
curl http://172.16.213.29/status          # 查看 html 格式状态
curl http://172.16.213.29/status/format/prometheus  # 查看 prometheus 格式指标

# 备份 prometheus 配置文件
cp /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml.bak
# 编辑 prometheus 配置，添加 nginx 采集任务
sed -i '/scrape_configs:/a\  - job_name: "nginx"\n    metrics_path: /status/format/prometheus\n    static_configs:\n      - targets: ["172.16.213.29"]' /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# 验证配置文件
/usr/local/prometheus/promtool check config /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# 重启 prometheus（根据你的启动方式选择，以下是 systemd 方式示例）
systemctl restart prometheus
# 如果是直接启动，先杀死进程再重启：
# ps -ef | grep prometheus | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill
# /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml &

# 编辑 nginx 配置，开启 stub_status
cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bak
sed -i '/server {/a\        location /basic_status {\n            stub_status on;\n            allow 127.0.0.1;\n            allow 172.16.213.0/24;\n            deny all;\n        }' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# 验证配置并重启
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
# 验证 stub_status 是否可用
curl http://172.16.213.29/basic_status
# 正常输出示例：
# active connections: 1 
# server accepts handled requests
#  1 1 1 
# reading: 0 writing: 1 waiting: 0

# 拉取官方镜像
docker pull nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter:latest
# 启动 exporter（关联 nginx 的 stub_status 地址）
docker run -d --name nginx-exporter \
  -p 9113:9113 \
  nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter:latest \
  --nginx.scrape-uri=http://172.16.213.29/basic_status
# 验证 exporter 是否正常输出指标
curl http://172.16.213.29:9113/metrics

# 编辑 prometheus 配置，添加 exporter 采集任务
sed -i '/scrape_configs:/a\  - job_name: "nginx-exporter"\n    static_configs:\n      - targets: ["172.16.213.29:9113"]' /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# 验证配置并重启 prometheus
/usr/local/prometheus/promtool check config /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
systemctl restart prometheus