7人参与 • 2025-04-24 • Javascript
javascript文件大小直接影响网页加载速度和用户体验。本文将详细介绍从基础到高级的各种javascript压缩优化技术,帮助您显著减小前端项目的js文件体积。
常用工具:
webpack配置示例:
const terserplugin = require('terser-webpack-plugin'); module.exports = { optimization: { minimize: true, minimizer: [new terserplugin({ parallel: true, terseroptions: { compress: { drop_console: true, // 移除console pure_funcs: ['console.log'] // 指定要移除的函数 } } })], }, };
压缩效果对比:
// 压缩前 function calculatetotal(items) { let total = 0; items.foreach(item => { total += item.price * item.quantity; }); return total; } // 压缩后 function n(t){let e=0;return t.foreach(t=>{e+=t.price*t.quantity}),e}
webpack配置:
module.exports = { mode: 'production', // 生产模式自动启用tree shaking optimization: { usedexports: true, }, };
package.json配置:
{ "sideeffects": [ "*.css", "*.scss" ] }
注意事项:
动态导入:
// 静态导入 // import largemodule from './largemodule'; // 改为动态导入 const largemodule = () => import('./largemodule'); // react中使用 const othercomponent = react.lazy(() => import('./othercomponent'));
webpack分包配置:
module.exports = { optimization: { splitchunks: { chunks: 'all', cachegroups: { vendor: { test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/, name: 'vendors', }, }, }, runtimechunk: 'single', }, };
路由级分割:
const router = new vuerouter({ routes: [ { path: '/dashboard', component: () => import('./dashboard.vue') } ] });
组件级分割(react):
import react, { suspense } from 'react'; const lazycomponent = react.lazy(() => import('./lazycomponent')); function mycomponent() { return ( <suspense fallback={<div>loading...</div>}> <lazycomponent /> </suspense> ); }
使用webpack-bundle-analyzer:
const bundleanalyzerplugin = require('webpack-bundle-analyzer').bundleanalyzerplugin; module.exports = { plugins: [ new bundleanalyzerplugin() ] };
分析结果解读:
策略:
选择轻量替代:
moment.js → date-fns
lodash → 按需导入或lodash-es
jquery → 原生js或zepto
按需引入:
// 不推荐 import _ from 'lodash'; // 推荐 import isempty from 'lodash/isempty';
使用cdn版本:
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/lodash@4.17.15/lodash.min.js"></script>
优势:
配置:
// package.json { "type": "module" }
推荐配置:
{ "presets": [ ["@babel/preset-env", { "targets": "> 0.25%, not dead", "usebuiltins": "usage", "corejs": 3 }] ] }
避免过度转译:
服务器配置示例(nginx):
gzip on; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml; gzip_min_length 1024; gzip_comp_level 6; # brotli更高效(需要安装模块) brotli on; brotli_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml; brotli_comp_level 6;
webpack预压缩:
const compressionplugin = require('compression-webpack-plugin'); module.exports = { plugins: [ new compressionplugin({ algorithm: 'brotlicompress', filename: '[path][base].br', test: /\.(js|css|html|svg)$/, threshold: 10240, }) ] };
webpack配置:
module.exports = { optimization: { concatenatemodules: true, }, };
效果:
现代/传统模式:
module.exports = { output: { filename: '[name].legacy.js', }, plugins: [ new htmlwebpackplugin({ template: 'index.html', inject: false, templateparameters: { modernscript: `<script type="module" src="[name].modern.js"></script>`, legacyscript: `<script nomodule src="[name].legacy.js"></script>` } }) ] };
小资源内联:
const fs = require('fs'); const pluginname = 'inlinesourceplugin'; class inlinesourceplugin { apply(compiler) { compiler.hooks.compilation.tap(pluginname, (compilation) => { compilation.hooks.htmlwebpackpluginalterassettags.tapasync( pluginname, (data, cb) => { // 内联小于4kb的js data.body = data.body.map(tag => { if (tag.tagname === 'script' && tag.attributes.src) { const path = tag.attributes.src; if (path && fs.statsync(path).size < 4096) { const content = fs.readfilesync(path, 'utf-8'); return { tagname: 'script', innerhtml: content, closetag: true }; } } return tag; }); cb(null, data); } ); }); } }
适用场景:
示例:
import('./module.wasm').then(module => { const result = module._heavycalculation(); });
选择方案:
webpack配置:
module.exports = { performance: { maxentrypointsize: 1024 * 1024, // 1mb maxassetsize: 1024 * 512, // 512kb hints: 'error' } };
示例脚本:
#!/bin/bash max_js_size=500000 # 500kb js_size=$(stat -f%z dist/main.js) if [ $js_size -gt $max_js_size ]; then echo "error: js bundle size exceeds budget ($js_size > $max_js_size)" exit 1 fi
完整webpack配置:
const path = require('path'); const terserplugin = require('terser-webpack-plugin'); const bundleanalyzerplugin = require('webpack-bundle-analyzer').bundleanalyzerplugin; const compressionplugin = require('compression-webpack-plugin'); module.exports = { entry: './src/index.js', output: { filename: '[name].[contenthash:8].js', path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), clean: true, }, mode: 'production', module: { rules: [ { test: /\.js$/, exclude: /node_modules/, use: { loader: 'babel-loader', options: { presets: [ ['@babel/preset-env', { targets: "> 0.25%, not dead", usebuiltins: 'usage', corejs: 3 }] ], plugins: ['@babel/plugin-transform-runtime'] } } } ] }, optimization: { minimize: true, minimizer: [new terserplugin()], splitchunks: { chunks: 'all', cachegroups: { vendors: { test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/, priority: -10, reuseexistingchunk: true } } }, runtimechunk: 'single' }, plugins: [ new bundleanalyzerplugin({ analyzermode: 'static' }), new compressionplugin({ algorithm: 'brotlicompress', filename: '[path][base].br', threshold: 10240 }) ], performance: { hints: 'warning', maxentrypointsize: 512000, maxassetsize: 512000 } };
webpack 5特性:
// app1/webpack.config.js module.exports = { plugins: [ new modulefederationplugin({ name: 'app1', filename: 'remoteentry.js', exposes: { './button': './src/button', }, shared: ['react', 'react-dom'] }) ] }; // app2/webpack.config.js module.exports = { plugins: [ new modulefederationplugin({ name: 'app2', remotes: { app1: 'app1@http://localhost:3001/remoteentry.js', }, shared: ['react', 'react-dom'] }) ] };
react 18示例:
import { hydrateroot } from 'react-dom/client'; function app() { return ( <suspense fallback={<div>loading...</div>}> <comments /> </suspense> ); } // 渐进式注水 const root = hydrateroot(document.getelementbyid('root'), <app />);
结语
javascript文件压缩优化是一个系统工程,需要结合多种技术手段:
通过系统性地应用这些技术,您可以将javascript文件大小减少50%-70%,显著提升页面加载速度和用户体验。记住,优化是一个持续的过程,随着项目发展和新技术出现,需要定期重新评估和调整优化策略。
以上就是前端javascript实现文件压缩的全面优化指南的详细内容,更多关于javascript文件压缩的资料请关注代码网其它相关文章!
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